PV-Collada Ontology
type: Ontology
ont00001754: https://github.com/ucf-photovoltaics/pv-ontology
imports: mds
version IRI: https://w3id.org/pvcollada/0.1.0
definition: OWL 2 ontology derived from the PV-Collada 2.0 XSD schema. Provides vocabulary for PV system circuit topology, physical layout geometry, and component product data, within the MDS-Onto builtenv domain.
scope note: Covers three interlocking layers: (1) a product library of typed PV components (modules, inverters, cables, etc.); (2) a circuit topology describing how those components are wired together; and (3) a physical 3-D layout associating circuit positions with geometric rack instances. ModuleLayout is the cross-domain bridge between layers 2 and 3.

AC Combiner Product
type: Class
subclass of: PV Component
definition: Product-level specification for an AC inverter combiner panel.
scope note: Corresponds to combiner_ac_type_object.
has domain: builtenv
has study stage: Characterization
has sub domain: pvcollada

AC Combiner Instance
type: Class
subclass of: Circuit Instance
definition: An instance of an AC combiner panel in the electrical circuit.
has domain: builtenv
has study stage: Simulation
has sub domain: pvcollada

alternating current
type: NamedIndividual
type: Power Type
alternative label: ac

amorphous silicon
type: NamedIndividual
type: Cell Material
alternative label: aSi

aluminum conductor
type: NamedIndividual
type: Conductor Material
alternative label: aluminum

bifacial module
type: NamedIndividual
type: Module Type
alternative label: bifacial

CEC efficiency standard
type: NamedIndividual
type: Efficiency Standard Type
alternative label: CEC

concentrating photovoltaic module
type: NamedIndividual
type: Module Type
alternative label: cpv

Cable Product
type: Class
subclass of: PV Component
definition: Product-level specification for a PV cable, including cross-sectional area, conductor count, material, and electrical resistance.
scope note: Corresponds to cable_type_object.
has domain: builtenv
has study stage: Characterization
has sub domain: pvcollada

Cable To
type: Class
subclass of: Circuit Instance
definition: A directed cable connection from a circuit instance to its electrical parent, carrying a reference to the cable product and the installed length.
has domain: builtenv
has study stage: Simulation
has sub domain: pvcollada

cadmium telluride
type: NamedIndividual
type: Cell Material
alternative label: cdTe

Cell Architecture
type: Class
subclass of: PV-Collada Entity
equivalent class: Class
  one of: heterojunction
  one of: interdigitated back contact
  one of: passivated emitter and rear cell
  one of: single junction
  one of: tunnel oxide passivated contact
  one of: tandem perovskite
definition: Enumeration of cell junction or contact architectures used in PV modules.
has domain: builtenv
has study stage: Characterization
has sub domain: pvcollada

Cell Material
type: Class
subclass of: PV-Collada Entity
equivalent class: Class
  one of: amorphous silicon
  one of: cadmium telluride
  one of: monocrystalline silicon
  one of: polycrystalline silicon
definition: Enumeration of absorber semiconductor materials used in PV cells.
has domain: builtenv
has study stage: Characterization
has sub domain: pvcollada

central inverter
type: NamedIndividual
type: Inverter Type
alternative label: central

Circuit
type: Class
subclass of: Circuit Instance
definition: The complete electrical circuit description of a PV system, rooted at a single circuit_root element that is a transformer, AC combiner, or inverter.
has domain: builtenv
has study stage: Simulation
has sub domain: pvcollada

Circuit Instance
type: Class
subclass of: PV-Collada Entity
definition: An instantiated element in the electrical circuit topology of a PV system, referencing a PVComponent product specification.
has domain: builtenv
has study stage: Simulation
has sub domain: pvcollada

circular post
type: NamedIndividual
type: Post Shape
alternative label: circle

circular torque tube
type: NamedIndividual
type: Torque Tube Shape
alternative label: circle

Conductor Material
type: Class
subclass of: PV-Collada Entity
equivalent class: Class
  one of: aluminum conductor
  one of: copper conductor
definition: Enumeration of cable conductor materials.
has domain: builtenv
has sub domain: pvcollada

copper conductor
type: NamedIndividual
type: Conductor Material
alternative label: copper

DC Combiner Product
type: Class
subclass of: PV Component
definition: Product-level specification for a DC string combiner box.
scope note: Corresponds to combiner_dc_type_object.
has domain: builtenv
has study stage: Characterization
has sub domain: pvcollada

DC Combiner Instance
type: Class
subclass of: Circuit Instance
definition: An instance of a DC combiner box in the electrical circuit.
has domain: builtenv
has study stage: Simulation
has sub domain: pvcollada

direct current
type: NamedIndividual
type: Power Type
alternative label: dc

Drive Type
type: Class
subclass of: PV-Collada Entity
equivalent class: Class
  one of: independent drive
  one of: linked drive
definition: Enumeration of drive coupling configurations for single-axis trackers.
has domain: builtenv
has sub domain: pvcollada

dual axis tracker
type: NamedIndividual
type: Tracker Type
alternative label: dual_axis

EU efficiency standard
type: NamedIndividual
type: Efficiency Standard Type
alternative label: EU

Efficiency Standard Type
type: Class
subclass of: PV-Collada Entity
equivalent class: Class
  one of: CEC efficiency standard
  one of: EU efficiency standard
definition: Enumeration of rating standards used for inverter efficiency measurement.
has domain: builtenv
has sub domain: pvcollada

fence post
type: NamedIndividual
type: Post Type
alternative label: fence

fixed table
type: NamedIndividual
type: Table Type
alternative label: fixed

fixed tilt
type: NamedIndividual
type: Rack Type
alternative label: fixed_tilt

Fixed Tilt Rack
type: Class
subclass of: PV Rack
subclass of: Restriction
  has value: fixed tilt
  on property: has rack type
subclass of: Restriction
  min cardinality: 1
  on property: rack azimuth
subclass of: Restriction
  min cardinality: 1
  on property: rack tilt
disjoint with: Tracker Rack
definition: A rack mounted at a fixed tilt angle; requires azimuth and tilt, and must not carry tracker geometry fields.
has domain: builtenv
has sub domain: pvcollada

Tracker Gap
type: Class
subclass of: Physical Asset
definition: A space between two racks on a single-axis tracker torque tube, occupied by a motor drive or a flexible joint.
has domain: builtenv
has study stage: Simulation
has sub domain: pvcollada

Gap Type
type: Class
subclass of: PV-Collada Entity
equivalent class: Class
  one of: joint gap
  one of: motor gap
definition: Enumeration of gap categories between racks on a tracker torque tube.
has domain: builtenv
has sub domain: pvcollada

H-shape post
type: NamedIndividual
type: Post Shape
alternative label: h-shape

heterojunction
type: NamedIndividual
type: Cell Architecture

interdigitated back contact
type: NamedIndividual
type: Cell Architecture
alternative label: IBC

independent drive
type: NamedIndividual
type: Drive Type
alternative label: independent

PV Inverter Product
type: Class
subclass of: Inverter
subclass of: PV Component
definition: Product-level specification for a PV inverter, capturing its AC/DC power ratings, MPPT voltage window, efficiency, and parasitic consumption.
scope note: Corresponds to inverter_type_object. Declared as a subclass of mds:Inverter to align with MDS-Onto.
has domain: builtenv
has study stage: Characterization
has sub domain: pvcollada

Inverter Instance
type: Class
subclass of: Circuit Instance
definition: An instance of an inverter in the electrical circuit, referencing a product inverter specification and containing MPPT inputs.
has domain: builtenv
has study stage: Simulation
has sub domain: pvcollada

Inverter Type
type: Class
subclass of: PV-Collada Entity
equivalent class: Class
  one of: central inverter
  one of: microinverter
  one of: string inverter
definition: Enumeration of PV inverter deployment topologies.
has domain: builtenv
has sub domain: pvcollada

joint gap
type: NamedIndividual
type: Gap Type
alternative label: joint

landscape orientation
type: NamedIndividual
type: Module Orientation
alternative label: landscape

linked drive
type: NamedIndividual
type: Drive Type
alternative label: linked

MPPT Input
type: Class
subclass of: Circuit Instance
definition: A single MPPT channel instance within an inverter circuit instance, containing one or more strings or DC combiners.
has domain: builtenv
has study stage: Simulation
has sub domain: pvcollada

MPPT Unit Product
type: Class
subclass of: PV Component
definition: Product-level specification for a single maximum-power-point-tracking channel on an inverter, recording the number of parallel input strings.
scope note: Corresponds to mppt_type_object.
has domain: builtenv
has study stage: Characterization
has sub domain: pvcollada

microinverter
type: NamedIndividual
type: Inverter Type

PV Module Product
type: Class
subclass of: PhotovoltaicModule
subclass of: PV Component
definition: Product-level specification for a PV module, capturing its physical dimensions, electrical parameters at STC, and cell technology.
scope note: Corresponds to module_type_object in pvcollada_schema_2.0.xsd. Declared as a subclass of mds:PhotovoltaicModule to align with the MDS-Onto builtenv PV-module hierarchy.
has domain: builtenv
has study stage: Characterization
has sub domain: pvcollada

Module Array
type: Class
subclass of: Circuit Instance
definition: An ordered collection of modules within a string, each described by a ModuleLayout that maps a circuit position to a physical rack cell.
has domain: builtenv
has study stage: Simulation
has sub domain: pvcollada

Module Layout
type: Class
subclass of: Circuit Instance
definition: Cross-domain bridge entity that maps a module's position in the electrical circuit (position_in_string) to its physical location on a rack (row, column) via a reference to an instance_rack_ref.
scope note: This is the key join point between circuit topology and physical 3-D layout in PV-Collada.
has domain: builtenv
has study stage: Simulation
has sub domain: pvcollada

Module Orientation
type: Class
subclass of: PV-Collada Entity
equivalent class: Class
  one of: landscape orientation
  one of: portrait orientation
definition: Enumeration of module mounting orientations on a rack.
has domain: builtenv
has sub domain: pvcollada

Module Type
type: Class
subclass of: PV-Collada Entity
equivalent class: Class
  one of: bifacial module
  one of: concentrating photovoltaic module
  one of: monofacial module
  one of: shingle module
definition: Enumeration of PV module form-factor types.
has domain: builtenv
has sub domain: pvcollada

monocrystalline silicon
type: NamedIndividual
type: Cell Material
alternative label: monoSi

monofacial module
type: NamedIndividual
type: Module Type
alternative label: monofacial

motor gap
type: NamedIndividual
type: Gap Type
alternative label: motor

octagonal torque tube
type: NamedIndividual
type: Torque Tube Shape
alternative label: octogon

Power Optimizer Product
type: Class
subclass of: PV Component
definition: Product-level specification for a module-level power optimizer.
scope note: Corresponds to optimizer_type_object.
has domain: builtenv
has study stage: Characterization
has sub domain: pvcollada

Optimizer Array
type: Class
subclass of: Circuit Instance
definition: An ordered collection of power optimizer instances within a string.
has domain: builtenv
has study stage: Simulation
has sub domain: pvcollada

Optimizer Instance
type: Class
subclass of: Circuit Instance
definition: An instance of a power optimizer in the circuit, connected via cable_to_parent and optionally cable_to_neighbor.
has domain: builtenv
has study stage: Simulation
has sub domain: pvcollada

passivated emitter and rear cell
type: NamedIndividual
type: Cell Architecture
alternative label: PERC

PV-Collada Entity
type: Class
definition: Abstract root class for all entities described in the PV-Collada schema.
has domain: builtenv
has sub domain: pvcollada

PV Component
type: Class
subclass of: PV-Collada Entity
definition: A typed product specification for a physical PV balance-of-system component, as declared in the PV-Collada components library.
has domain: builtenv
has study stage: Characterization
has sub domain: pvcollada

perpendicular post
type: NamedIndividual
type: Post Inclination
alternative label: perpendicular

Physical Asset
type: Class
subclass of: PV-Collada Entity
definition: A physical or geometric object in the 3-D layout of a PV installation, represented in the COLLADA scene graph.
has domain: builtenv
has study stage: Simulation
has sub domain: pvcollada

polycrystalline silicon
type: NamedIndividual
type: Cell Material
alternative label: polySi

portrait orientation
type: NamedIndividual
type: Module Orientation
alternative label: portrait

Structural Post
type: Class
subclass of: Physical Asset
definition: A vertical structural member that supports a rack, tracker torque tube, or fence, driven into or anchored to the ground.
has domain: builtenv
has study stage: Simulation
has sub domain: pvcollada

Post Inclination
type: Class
subclass of: PV-Collada Entity
equivalent class: Class
  one of: perpendicular post
  one of: vertical post
definition: Enumeration of post installation inclination modes.
has domain: builtenv
has sub domain: pvcollada

Post Shape
type: Class
subclass of: PV-Collada Entity
equivalent class: Class
  one of: circular post
  one of: H-shape post
  one of: rectangular post
definition: Enumeration of structural post cross-section shapes.
has domain: builtenv
has sub domain: pvcollada

Post Type
type: Class
subclass of: PV-Collada Entity
equivalent class: Class
  one of: fence post
  one of: rack post
  one of: tracker post
definition: Enumeration of structural post functions.
has domain: builtenv
has sub domain: pvcollada

Power Type
type: Class
subclass of: PV-Collada Entity
equivalent class: Class
  one of: alternating current
  one of: direct current
definition: Enumeration of electrical power type (AC or DC) for cables.
has domain: builtenv
has sub domain: pvcollada

PV Project
type: Class
subclass of: PhotovoltaicSite
subclass of: Physical Asset
definition: Top-level project metadata for a PV-Collada file, recording system capacity, string and module counts, geographic projection, and boundary.
scope note: Declared as a subclass of mds:PhotovoltaicSite; the pvc:Project adds schema-level attributes (capacity, module/string counts, projection).
has domain: builtenv
has study stage: Simulation
has sub domain: pvcollada

PV Rack
type: Class
subclass of: Racking
subclass of: Physical Asset
definition: A co-planar group of modules mounted in a fixed or tracker configuration, described by a COLLADA geometry rectangle representing the rack surface.
scope note: Declared as a subclass of mds:Racking. Business rule (Schematron): if rack_type = fixed_tilt then azimuth and tilt are required and tracker fields are forbidden; if rack_type = tracker then tracker_azimuth is required and fixed-tilt fields are forbidden. See pvc:FixedTiltRack and pvc:TrackerRack subclasses.
has domain: builtenv
has study stage: Simulation
has sub domain: pvcollada

rack post
type: NamedIndividual
type: Post Type
alternative label: rack

Rack Type
type: Class
subclass of: PV-Collada Entity
equivalent class: Class
  one of: fixed tilt
  one of: tracker rack
definition: Enumeration of rack mounting strategies.
has domain: builtenv
has sub domain: pvcollada

rectangular post
type: NamedIndividual
type: Post Shape
alternative label: rectangle

rectangular torque tube
type: NamedIndividual
type: Torque Tube Shape
alternative label: rectangle

shingle module
type: NamedIndividual
type: Module Type
alternative label: shingle

single axis tracker
type: NamedIndividual
type: Tracker Type
alternative label: single_axis

single junction
type: NamedIndividual
type: Cell Architecture
alternative label: single_junction

PV String
type: Class
subclass of: Circuit Instance
definition: A series-connected string of PV modules, containing either a module array or an optimizer array.
has domain: builtenv
has study stage: Simulation
has sub domain: pvcollada

string inverter
type: NamedIndividual
type: Inverter Type
alternative label: string

tunnel oxide passivated contact
type: NamedIndividual
type: Cell Architecture
alternative label: TOPcon

PV Table
type: Class
subclass of: Physical Asset
definition: A group of mechanically linked racks in a single row, potentially including posts and gaps. When the table is a tracker, all constituent racks share the same rotation around the tracker axis.
has domain: builtenv
has study stage: Simulation
has sub domain: pvcollada

Table Type
type: Class
subclass of: PV-Collada Entity
equivalent class: Class
  one of: fixed table
  one of: tracker table
definition: Enumeration of table mounting types.
has domain: builtenv
has sub domain: pvcollada

tandem perovskite
type: NamedIndividual
type: Cell Architecture
alternative label: tandem-perovskite

Terrain
type: Class
subclass of: Physical Asset
definition: A triangulated 3-D surface model representing the site terrain.
has domain: builtenv
has study stage: Simulation
has sub domain: pvcollada

Torque Tube Shape
type: Class
subclass of: PV-Collada Entity
equivalent class: Class
  one of: circular torque tube
  one of: octagonal torque tube
  one of: rectangular torque tube
definition: Enumeration of cross-sectional shapes for a single-axis tracker torque tube.
has domain: builtenv
has sub domain: pvcollada

tracker post
type: NamedIndividual
type: Post Type
alternative label: tracker

Tracker Rack
type: Class
subclass of: PV Rack
subclass of: Restriction
  has value: tracker rack
  on property: has rack type
subclass of: Restriction
  min cardinality: 1
  on property: tracker azimuth
definition: A rack mounted on a solar tracker; requires tracker_azimuth, and must not carry fixed-tilt geometry fields.
has domain: builtenv
has sub domain: pvcollada

tracker rack
type: NamedIndividual
type: Rack Type
alternative label: tracker

tracker table
type: NamedIndividual
type: Table Type
alternative label: tracker

Tracker Type
type: Class
subclass of: PV-Collada Entity
equivalent class: Class
  one of: dual axis tracker
  one of: single axis tracker
definition: Enumeration of solar tracker axis configurations.
has domain: builtenv
has sub domain: pvcollada

Transformer Product
type: Class
subclass of: PV Component
definition: Product-level specification for an AC step-up or isolation transformer, including rated power, voltage ratio, efficiency, and loss parameters.
scope note: Corresponds to transformer_type_object.
has domain: builtenv
has study stage: Characterization
has sub domain: pvcollada

Transformer Instance
type: Class
subclass of: Circuit Instance
definition: An instance of a transformer in the electrical circuit.
has domain: builtenv
has study stage: Simulation
has sub domain: pvcollada

vertical post
type: NamedIndividual
type: Post Inclination
alternative label: vertical

rack azimuth
type: DatatypeProperty
domain: PV Rack
range: float
definition: Azimuth angle of a fixed rack (direction modules face).
scope note: Unit: °; applies to FixedTiltRack only.

bifaciality factor
type: DatatypeProperty
domain: PV Module Product
range: float
definition: Ratio of rear-side to front-side quantum efficiency for bifacial modules (dimensionless, 0–1).

cable length
type: DatatypeProperty
domain: Cable To
range: decimal
definition: Installed length of this cable run.
scope note: Unit: m (assumed SI default; verify against project file)

maximum AC capacity
type: DatatypeProperty
applicable unit: http://qudt.org/vocab/unit/W
domain: PV Inverter Product
range: float
definition: Maximum inverter AC output power.
scope note: Unit: W

maximum DC capacity
type: DatatypeProperty
applicable unit: http://qudt.org/vocab/unit/W
domain: PV Inverter Product
range: float
definition: Maximum inverter DC input power.
scope note: Unit: W

column spacing
type: DatatypeProperty
domain: PV Rack
range: float
definition: Spacing between modules in the column direction on a rack.

company
type: DatatypeProperty
domain: PV Project
range: string
definition: Name of the company or organisation responsible for the project.

winding resistance (copper loss)
type: DatatypeProperty
applicable unit: OHM
domain: Transformer Product
range: float
definition: Equivalent series resistance used to compute winding (copper) losses.
scope note: Unit: Ω

country
type: DatatypeProperty
domain: PV Project
range: string
definition: ISO 3166 alpha-2 or alpha-3 country code for the project location.

cross-section area
type: DatatypeProperty
domain: Cable Product
range: float
definition: Conductor cross-sectional area.
scope note: Unit: mm²

drawing reference
type: DatatypeProperty
domain: PV Project
range: string
definition: Drawing or document reference associated with the project.

efficiency
type: DatatypeProperty
range: float
definition: Maximum efficiency as AC output power / DC input power.
scope note: Unit: %; range 0–100

efficiency standard value
type: DatatypeProperty
domain: PV Inverter Product
range: float
definition: Weighted efficiency computed per the standard specified by efficiencyStandardType.
scope note: Unit: %; range 0–100

gap width
type: DatatypeProperty
domain: Tracker Gap
range: float
definition: Nominal width of the gap between the two adjacent racks.

has cable to neighbor
type: ObjectProperty
domain: Optimizer Instance
range: Cable To
definition: Associates an optimizer instance with the cable that daisy-chains it to an adjacent optimizer.

has cable to parent
type: ObjectProperty
range: Cable To
definition: Associates a circuit instance with the cable that connects it to its electrical parent node.

has cell architecture
type: ObjectProperty
domain: PV Module Product
range: Cell Architecture
definition: Specifies the cell junction or contact architecture used in a module.

has cell material
type: ObjectProperty
domain: PV Module Product
range: Cell Material
definition: Specifies the semiconductor absorber material of the cells in a module.

has conductor material
type: ObjectProperty
domain: Cable Product
range: Conductor Material
definition: Specifies the conductor material of a cable product.

has DC combiner input
type: ObjectProperty
domain: MPPT Input
range: DC Combiner Instance
definition: Associates an MPPT input with a DC combiner that aggregates strings.

has drive type
type: ObjectProperty
domain: PV Table
range: Drive Type
definition: Associates a single-axis tracker table with its drive coupling type.

has efficiency standard type
type: ObjectProperty
domain: PV Inverter Product
range: Efficiency Standard Type
definition: Specifies the rating standard (CEC or EU) used to compute the efficiency_standard_value.

has gap type
type: ObjectProperty
domain: Tracker Gap
range: Gap Type
definition: Associates a gap with its function (motor or joint).

has inverter type
type: ObjectProperty
domain: PV Inverter Product
range: Inverter Type
definition: Associates an inverter product with its deployment topology.

has MPPT input
type: ObjectProperty
domain: Inverter Instance
range: MPPT Input
definition: Associates a circuit inverter instance with its MPPT channel instances.

has MPPT unit
type: ObjectProperty
domain: PV Inverter Product
range: MPPT Unit Product
definition: Associates an inverter product with its MPPT channel specifications.

has module array
type: ObjectProperty
domain: PV String
range: Module Array
definition: Associates a string with its module array (direct-wire configuration).

has module layout
type: ObjectProperty
domain: Module Array
range: Module Layout
definition: Associates a module array with its constituent ModuleLayout entries, each describing the position of one module in the string and in the rack.

has module orientation
type: ObjectProperty
domain: PV Rack
range: Module Orientation
definition: Associates a rack with the mounting orientation of its modules.

has module type
type: ObjectProperty
domain: PV Module Product
range: Module Type
definition: Associates a module product with its form-factor type.

has optimizer array
type: ObjectProperty
domain: PV String
range: Optimizer Array
definition: Associates a string with its optimizer array (optimized configuration).

has post inclination
type: ObjectProperty
domain: Structural Post
range: Post Inclination
definition: Associates a post with its installation inclination (vertical or perpendicular).

has post shape
type: ObjectProperty
domain: Structural Post
range: Post Shape
definition: Associates a post with its cross-section shape.

has post type
type: ObjectProperty
domain: Structural Post
range: Post Type
definition: Associates a post with its structural function (rack, tracker, fence).

has power type
type: ObjectProperty
domain: Cable Product
range: Power Type
definition: Associates a cable with its power type (AC or DC).

has rack type
type: ObjectProperty
domain: PV Rack
range: Rack Type
definition: Associates a rack with its mounting type (fixed_tilt or tracker).

has string
type: ObjectProperty
domain: MPPT Input
range: PV String
definition: Associates an MPPT input with its connected PV strings.

has table type
type: ObjectProperty
domain: PV Table
range: Table Type
definition: Associates a table with its mounting type (fixed or tracker).

has torque tube shape
type: ObjectProperty
domain: PV Table
range: Torque Tube Shape
definition: Associates a single-axis tracker table with its torque tube cross-section shape.

has tracker type
type: ObjectProperty
domain: PV Table
range: Tracker Type
definition: Associates a tracker table with its axis configuration.

height above ground
type: DatatypeProperty
domain: PV Rack
range: float
definition: Height of the lower edge of a fixed rack above ground level.

maximum DC current
type: DatatypeProperty
applicable unit: http://qudt.org/vocab/unit/A
domain: PV Inverter Product
range: float
definition: Maximum DC input current to the inverter.
scope note: Unit: A

current at maximum power point at STC
type: DatatypeProperty
applicable unit: http://qudt.org/vocab/unit/A
domain: PV Module Product
range: float
definition: Module current at the maximum power point under STC.
scope note: Unit: A

short-circuit current at STC
type: DatatypeProperty
applicable unit: http://qudt.org/vocab/unit/A
domain: PV Module Product
range: float
definition: Module short-circuit current at Standard Test Conditions.
scope note: Unit: A

impedance per unit length
type: DatatypeProperty
domain: Cable Product
range: float
definition: AC impedance per kilometre of cable.
scope note: Unit: Ω/km

input count
type: DatatypeProperty
range: positiveInteger
definition: Number of parallel inputs (strings) that can be connected.

interconnection limit
type: DatatypeProperty
applicable unit: http://qudt.org/vocab/unit/W
domain: PV Project
range: float
definition: AC power limit imposed by the grid interconnection agreement.
scope note: Unit: W

iron core loss
type: DatatypeProperty
applicable unit: http://qudt.org/vocab/unit/W
domain: Transformer Product
range: float
definition: No-load loss in the transformer iron core, independent of output current.
scope note: Unit: W

joint angle
type: DatatypeProperty
domain: Tracker Gap
range: float
definition: Maximum flexion angle of a non-rigid joint gap.
scope note: Unit: °

local projection
type: DatatypeProperty
domain: PV Project
range: string
definition: EPSG code for the coordinate projection used to relate local (x,y,z) coordinates to geocoordinates (e.g., 'EPSG:3857').

manufacturer
type: DatatypeProperty
range: string
definition: Name of the product manufacturer.

module columns
type: DatatypeProperty
domain: PV Rack
range: positiveInteger
definition: Number of columns of modules on the rack.

module count
type: DatatypeProperty
domain: PV Project
range: positiveInteger
definition: Total number of PV modules in the system.

module depth
type: DatatypeProperty
applicable unit: MilliM
domain: PV Module Product
range: float
definition: Depth (thickness) of the module.
scope note: Unit: mm

module length
type: DatatypeProperty
applicable unit: MilliM
domain: PV Module Product
range: float
definition: Length of the module in the longest dimension.
scope note: Unit: mm

module rows
type: DatatypeProperty
domain: PV Rack
range: positiveInteger
definition: Number of rows of modules on the rack.

module width
type: DatatypeProperty
applicable unit: MilliM
domain: PV Module Product
range: float
definition: Width of the module orthogonal to its longest dimension.
scope note: Unit: mm

MPPT count
type: DatatypeProperty
domain: PV Inverter Product
range: positiveInteger
definition: Number of MPPT channels on the inverter.

night disconnect
type: DatatypeProperty
domain: Transformer Product
range: boolean
definition: True if the transformer automatically disconnects from the grid at night.

night tare power
type: DatatypeProperty
applicable unit: http://qudt.org/vocab/unit/W
domain: PV Inverter Product
range: float
definition: Standby power consumed by the inverter when not generating.
scope note: Unit: W

nominal power
type: DatatypeProperty
applicable unit: http://qudt.org/vocab/unit/W
domain: PV Module Product
range: float
definition: Module power at Standard Test Conditions (STC).
scope note: Unit: W

nominal AC power
type: DatatypeProperty
applicable unit: http://qudt.org/vocab/unit/W
domain: PV Inverter Product
range: float
definition: Inverter AC output power at rating conditions.
scope note: Unit: W

nominal DC power
type: DatatypeProperty
applicable unit: http://qudt.org/vocab/unit/W
domain: PV Inverter Product
range: float
definition: Inverter DC input power at rating conditions.
scope note: Unit: W

number of cells
type: DatatypeProperty
domain: PV Module Product
range: positiveInteger
definition: Total number of PV cells in the module.

number of cells in length
type: DatatypeProperty
domain: PV Module Product
range: positiveInteger
definition: Number of cells arranged along the length dimension.

cells in series per string
type: DatatypeProperty
domain: PV Module Product
range: positiveInteger
definition: Number of series-connected cells in a single internal string.

number of cells in width
type: DatatypeProperty
domain: PV Module Product
range: positiveInteger
definition: Number of cells arranged along the width dimension.

number of conductors
type: DatatypeProperty
domain: Cable Product
range: positiveInteger
definition: Number of electrical conductors in the cable.

number of internal strings
type: DatatypeProperty
domain: PV Module Product
range: positiveInteger
definition: Number of parallel internal cell strings within the module.

position in string
type: DatatypeProperty
domain: Module Layout
range: integer
definition: Sequential index of this module within its series string (1-based).

post underground depth
type: DatatypeProperty
domain: Structural Post
range: float
definition: Nominal depth of the post driven underground.

post diameter
type: DatatypeProperty
domain: Structural Post
range: float
definition: Diameter of the post cross-section.

post total length
type: DatatypeProperty
domain: Structural Post
range: float
definition: Total length of the post including the underground portion.

product name
type: DatatypeProperty
range: string
definition: Model name of the product (e.g., 'Q.Tron Classic 440W').

project name
type: DatatypeProperty
domain: PV Project
range: string
definition: Name of the PV project.

rack column
type: DatatypeProperty
domain: Module Layout
range: integer
definition: Column index of the module slot on the physical rack.

rack offset
type: DatatypeProperty
domain: PV Rack
range: float
definition: Distance from the rack surface to the tracker torque tube centre.

rack row
type: DatatypeProperty
domain: Module Layout
range: integer
definition: Row index of the module slot on the physical rack.

references AC combiner product
type: ObjectProperty
domain: AC Combiner Instance
range: AC Combiner Product
definition: Links a circuit AC combiner instance to its product specification.

references cable product
type: ObjectProperty
domain: Cable To
range: Cable Product
definition: Links a CableTo connection to the cable product it uses.

references DC combiner product
type: ObjectProperty
domain: DC Combiner Instance
range: DC Combiner Product
definition: Links a circuit DC combiner instance to its product specification.

references inverter product
type: ObjectProperty
domain: Inverter Instance
range: PV Inverter Product
definition: Links a circuit inverter instance to its product specification.

references module
type: ObjectProperty
domain: PV Rack
range: PV Module Product
definition: Links a rack to the module product specification it holds, via the module_id IDREF in the PV-Collada schema.

references optimizer product
type: ObjectProperty
domain: Optimizer Instance
range: Power Optimizer Product
definition: Links a circuit optimizer instance to its product specification.

references rack
type: ObjectProperty
domain: Module Layout
range: PV Rack
definition: Cross-domain bridge property: links a circuit ModuleLayout to the physical rack instance (via instance_rack_ref) that holds the module.
scope note: This is the critical join between circuit topology and physical layout.

references transformer product
type: ObjectProperty
domain: Transformer Instance
range: Transformer Product
definition: Links a circuit transformer instance to its product specification.

resistance per unit length
type: DatatypeProperty
domain: Cable Product
range: float
definition: DC electrical resistance per kilometre of cable.
scope note: Unit: Ω/km

rigid
type: DatatypeProperty
domain: Tracker Gap
range: boolean
definition: True if the gap is rigid; false if it allows torque tube flexion.

row spacing
type: DatatypeProperty
domain: PV Rack
range: float
definition: Spacing between modules in the row direction on a rack.

self consumption
type: DatatypeProperty
applicable unit: http://qudt.org/vocab/unit/W
domain: PV Inverter Product
range: float
definition: Power consumed by the inverter during normal operation.
scope note: Unit: W

rack slope
type: DatatypeProperty
domain: PV Rack
range: float
definition: Slope of a fixed rack in the direction 90° counterclockwise from azimuth.
scope note: Unit: °

string count
type: DatatypeProperty
domain: PV Project
range: positiveInteger
definition: Total number of series-connected module strings.

system AC capacity
type: DatatypeProperty
applicable unit: http://qudt.org/vocab/unit/W
domain: PV Project
range: float
definition: Total AC capacity at the inverter rating condition.
scope note: Unit: W

system DC capacity
type: DatatypeProperty
applicable unit: http://qudt.org/vocab/unit/W
domain: PV Project
range: float
definition: Total DC nameplate capacity of the PV system at STC.
scope note: Unit: W

temperature coefficient of short-circuit current
type: DatatypeProperty
domain: PV Module Product
range: float
definition: Change in short-circuit current per degree Celsius.
scope note: Unit: A/°C

temperature coefficient of power
type: DatatypeProperty
domain: PV Module Product
range: float
definition: Change in maximum power per degree Celsius.
scope note: Unit: %/°C

temperature coefficient of open-circuit voltage
type: DatatypeProperty
domain: PV Module Product
range: float
definition: Change in open-circuit voltage per degree Celsius.
scope note: Unit: V/°C

table count
type: DatatypeProperty
domain: PV Project
range: positiveInteger
definition: Total number of tables in the physical layout.

rack tilt
type: DatatypeProperty
domain: PV Rack
range: float
definition: Tilt angle from horizontal of a fixed rack.
scope note: Unit: °; applies to FixedTiltRack only.

timezone
type: DatatypeProperty
domain: PV Project
range: string
definition: IANA timezone string for the project location (e.g., 'America/Phoenix').

timezone offset
type: DatatypeProperty
domain: PV Project
range: float
definition: UTC offset in hours; positive values are East of UTC.
scope note: Unit: h

tracker azimuth
type: DatatypeProperty
domain: PV Rack
range: float
definition: Azimuth of a tracker torque tube. Rotation is a right-hand rotation around this axis; e.g., positive rotation at azimuth 180° is westward.
scope note: Unit: °; applies to TrackerRack only.

tracker height
type: DatatypeProperty
domain: PV Rack
range: float
definition: Height of the tracker torque tube centre above ground.

maximum gap angle
type: DatatypeProperty
domain: PV Table
range: float
definition: Maximum angle formed in the torque axis at a gap between racks.
scope note: Unit: °

tracker maximum rotation
type: DatatypeProperty
domain: PV Table
range: string
definition: Pair of values (negative, positive) giving the nominal maximum rotation angles from horizontal for a single-axis tracker, e.g., '-45 45'.
scope note: Unit: °; encoded as two space-separated floats.

tracker slope
type: DatatypeProperty
domain: PV Rack
range: float
definition: Slope of a tracker torque tube in the direction of its azimuth.
scope note: Unit: °

torque tube diameter
type: DatatypeProperty
domain: PV Table
range: float
definition: Nominal diameter of the single-axis tracker torque tube.

triangle count
type: DatatypeProperty
domain: Terrain
range: positiveInteger
definition: Number of triangular faces in the terrain surface mesh.

nominal input voltage
type: DatatypeProperty
applicable unit: http://qudt.org/vocab/unit/V
domain: Transformer Product
range: float
definition: Nominal AC input voltage of the transformer.
scope note: Unit: V

voltage at maximum power point at STC
type: DatatypeProperty
applicable unit: http://qudt.org/vocab/unit/V
domain: PV Module Product
range: float
definition: Module voltage at the maximum power point under STC.
scope note: Unit: V

maximum MPPT voltage
type: DatatypeProperty
applicable unit: http://qudt.org/vocab/unit/V
range: float
definition: Maximum DC voltage for MPPT tracking.
scope note: Unit: V

minimum MPPT voltage
type: DatatypeProperty
applicable unit: http://qudt.org/vocab/unit/V
range: float
definition: Minimum DC voltage for MPPT tracking.
scope note: Unit: V

nominal MPPT voltage
type: DatatypeProperty
applicable unit: http://qudt.org/vocab/unit/V
range: float
definition: Nominal DC voltage for MPPT tracking.
scope note: Unit: V

open-circuit voltage at STC
type: DatatypeProperty
applicable unit: http://qudt.org/vocab/unit/V
domain: PV Module Product
range: float
definition: Module open-circuit voltage at Standard Test Conditions.
scope note: Unit: V

nominal output voltage
type: DatatypeProperty
applicable unit: http://qudt.org/vocab/unit/V
domain: Transformer Product
range: float
definition: Nominal AC output voltage of the transformer.
scope note: Unit: V

nominal AC output voltage
type: DatatypeProperty
applicable unit: http://qudt.org/vocab/unit/V
domain: PV Inverter Product
range: float
definition: Nominal AC output voltage of the inverter.
scope note: Unit: V

vertex count
type: DatatypeProperty
domain: Terrain
range: positiveInteger
definition: Number of vertices in the triangulated terrain surface mesh.